World War 1 In Tamil Pdf Download
மதலம் உலகப் பர்
மதலம் உலகப் பர் (1914-1918) என்பத 20-ஆம் நற்றண்டல் நகழ்ந்த ஒர சற்ற உலக சன்ன அர. இந்த பரல் 32 நச நடகள், 65 கட (6.5 அ) ம) ம) ம) ம) ம) ம) ம) ம) ம) ம) ம) ம) ம) ம) 65 crore (6.5 billion) people, and four continents were involved. The war began on July 28, 1914, when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo. The war ended on November 11, 1918, with the signing of the armistice agreements by Germany and its allies. The war resulted in the death of about 17 million people, the collapse of four empires, the rise of new nations, and the emergence of new ideologies.
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There are many reasons for the outbreak of the First World War, such as nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and alliances. The main causes can be summarized as follows:
Nationalism: The desire of different ethnic groups to have their own independent states or to join other states that shared their culture and language. For example, the Slavic people in the Balkans wanted to break away from Austria-Hungary and join Serbia or form a new state called Yugoslavia.
Imperialism: The competition among the European powers for colonies and markets in Africa, Asia, and other parts of the world. For example, Britain and France had rival interests in Egypt and Morocco, while Germany wanted to expand its influence in Africa and the Middle East.
Militarism: The build-up of armies and navies by the European powers to protect their interests and to deter their rivals. For example, Germany built a large navy to challenge Britain's naval supremacy, while France and Russia increased their military spending to counter Germany's threat.
Alliances: The formation of defensive pacts among the European powers to support each other in case of war. For example, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed the Triple Alliance in 1882, while Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple Entente in 1907.
The First World War can be divided into two main phases: the war of movement (1914-1916) and the war of attrition (1916-1918). The war of movement was characterized by rapid advances and retreats by both sides, while the war of attrition was marked by stalemate and trench warfare. The main fronts of the war were as follows:
The Western Front: The line of battle between Germany and its allies on one side and France, Britain, and their allies on the other side. It stretched from the North Sea to the Swiss border. The main battles on this front were the Battle of the Marne (1914), the Battle of Verdun (1916), the Battle of the Somme (1916), and the Hundred Days Offensive (1918).
The Eastern Front: The line of battle between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and their allies on one side and Russia and its allies on the other side. It stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Black Sea. The main battles on this front were the Battle of Tannenberg (1914), the Battle of Galicia (1914), the Brusilov Offensive (1916), and the Kerensky Offensive (1917).
The Southern Fronts: The lines of battle in the Balkans, the Middle East, and Africa. The main battles on these fronts were the Gallipoli Campaign (1915-1916), the Mesopotamian Campaign (1914-1918), the Sinai and Palestine Campaign (1915-1918), and the East African Campaign (1914-1918).
The Naval War: The war at sea between the British Royal Navy and the German Imperial Navy. The main battles on this front were the Battle of Heligoland Bight (1914), the Battle of Dogger Bank (1915), the Battle of Jutland (1916), and the U-boat Campaign (1915-1918).
The First World War had a profound impact on the world, both during and after the war. Some of the effects of the war were as follows:
Political Effects: The war led to the overthrow of the monarchies in Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, and Turkey, and the emergence of new states such as Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, and Turkey. The war also paved the way for the rise of communism in Russia, fascism in Italy, and Nazism in Germany.
Economic Effects: The war caused enormous damage to the infrastructure, industry, agriculture, and trade of the warring nations. The war also led to inflation, debt, unemployment, and social unrest. The war also stimulated technological innovations such as tanks, airplanes, submarines, machine guns, poison gas, and radio.
Social Effects: The war caused millions of deaths, injuries, diseases, and displacements among soldiers and civilians. The war also changed the role of women in society, as they took up jobs previously done by men. The war also led to cultural changes such as new forms of art, literature, music, and cinema.
If you want to learn more about the First World War in Tamil, you can visit [this Wikipedia page] or download [this PDF book] from the Internet Archive.